Dr. J. W. Roberts' Memorial Greek Web Page
Goal of this Page
The goal of this page is to encourage children of God to learn to read the New Testament in the original Greek with expression and understanding in order to enrich their spiritual lives and bring glory to God.
This page is dedicated to the work of Dr. J. W. Roberts. Dr. Roberts taught Greek at Abilene Christian College from 1946 to 1973. Here is a short biography and complete bibliography: Restoration Quarterly 1974. You can purchase my paperback edition of his superb Greek grammar by clicking on the following link: A Grammar of the Greek New Testament for Beginners. You can preview the interior in pdf format by clicking on the following link: A Grammar of the Greek New Testament for Beginners. Dr. Ian Fair, who studied under Dr. Roberts and taught Roberts' Grammar at the Natal Bible School in South Africa, encouraged me to republish Roberts' great work, mentioning that it was a truly great grammar. Here is a page of Audio Instruction for J. W. Roberts' Grammar of the Greek New Testament for Beginners. Here are all the Lesson Vocabularies.
Here is a preliminary Spanish version: Una Gramática Greiga del Nuevo Testamento para Principiantes. This is the textbook that I am using with my Spanish speaking students studying NT Greek at the Instituto Latinioamericano de Estudios Bíblicos (ILEB) en Toluca, Mexico. Here is the ILEB Facebook Page. Here is my Cumulative Vocabulary and Exercises for McKibben’s translation of W. H. Davis Gramática Elemental del Griego del Nuevo Tetamento. Here is a good copy of Davis’ Grammar in English.
Here are some articles by Dr. Roberts from the Restoration Quarterly: Every Scripture Inspired of God, and The Preposition eis in Mat. 12: 41. That Faith Only Translation. "His specialized fields for teaching were New Testament Greek and the Bible. He held membership in the Society of Biblical Literature and the American Academy of Religion. [From 1958 on, Roberts taught from his own mimeographed textbook, A Grammar of the Greek New Testament for Beginners. One of his great dreams (unfilled during his lifetime) was to have his material - which he considered the best "tested" method for teaching Koine Greek - published.” Here is link to his excellent commentary on James.
Dr. Roberts was born August 28, 1918 and passed away on April 15, 1973.
Progress to date
I originally published the lesson individually in pdf files. The last lesson was posted on 6/20/05. Much thanks to Wayne Price, a former student of Roberts, who taught my Online edition and helped to bring it to a high degree of correctness. Thanks also to David Singleton, a former student of Dr. Roberts, who loaned me his personal copy of Roberts' Grammar with his classroom (margin) notes so I could include some of Roberts' intended revisions in the present work. Many of the Lessons have recently undergone extensive correction as of 3/16/06. Moving to a new server made it necessary to republish Dr. Roberts' Grammar (10/8/12). I took the opportunity to combine all lessons into a single pdf file. Beginning in early October 2014, I began preparing my Word files for a paperback with CreateSpace. By the grace of God, I managed to publish it the last day of 2014.
A Comparative Lexicon of New Testament Greek (1954, 2021) by L. R. Elliott, Revised by Donald L. Potter. I bought this book at a book sale at the Grace Theological Library in Warsaw, IN, in July 1999. The book proved so valuable to that I decided to retype it to publish myself. It will help you build your Greek vocabulary quickly by learning the roots, prefixes, and suffixes.
Students using Roberts' Grammar will find Dana & Mantey's Manual Grammar of the Greek New Testament an invaluable reference source. Here is a pdf of a Spanish translation of Dana & Mantey This is an excellent scanned copy, that is perfect for reading with on an iPad in iBook or for running off a hard copy on a printer. Unfortunately it is no longer in print. Brooks & Winbery's Syntax and Morphology are excellent references book to use with Roberts' Grammar. They follow the 8 case approach. Another book I have used extensively is A Greek Grammar of the New Testament: A Workbook Approach to Intermediate Grammar (1979) by Curtis Vaughn and Virtus E. Gideon.
H. P. V. Nunn's Masterpiece for Beginners
One of the best text for learning New Testament Greek ever published was H. P. V. Nunn's Elements of New Testament Greek. It is noteworthy because of its clear introduction to English grammar, up-to-date information from comparative philology, detailed accidence (morphology), and ample exercises from Greek to English and English to Greek to make sure the Grammar is thoroughly mastered. A Key is available for students studying on their own. He also published A Short Syntax of NT Greek, that presents the material in an inviting and readable format. I am thrilled to announce that on May 13, 2020 Lexham Press published John D. Schwandt’s revision of Nunn’s grammar, An Introduction to Biblical Greek.
Ray Summers (1950) Essentials of New Testament Greek. This was my first Greek grammar! Donald Wise at the Moody Bible Institute was my instructor. Here is Donald Wise’s 1982 revision of Kenneth S. Wuest’s The Practical Use of the Greek New Testament. Here is Thomas Sawyer’s 1995 Revision of Summer’s Essentials. Here is Steven Cox’s Student Guide to the Revised Edition of Summer’s Essentials. Here is a link to Summer’s Morpheme Practice. And here are my Worksheets for Summer’s Exercises. I recommend downloading them to Notability for practice on an iPad or other tablet. Here are my Quizlet Flashcards for Summer’s Vocabulary. Here are my Quizlet Flashcards for the Principal Parts in Summer’s Revised Essentials (Following Dana Harris’ suggestions) Here is a good article on the nature and use of Principal Parts. Here are Corrections for Sawyer’s Revison of Summer’s Essentials. Here is Sawyer’s revised edition of Summers Essentials of NT Greek. Here is Spiros Zodhiates’ Answer Book for Summer’s Essentials.
Elementary NT Greek (2014) by Joseph R Dongell. Some of the clearest explanations of NT Greek morphology and grammar found anywhere.
Misselbrook Musings: Greek New Testament Note. Superb notes on the entire Greek text of the New Testament. A first rate resource.
Fluent Greek website by James Abney. https://fluentgreeknt.com/about/
A Grammatical Analysis of the Greek New Testament (4th ed., 1993) by Max Zerwick S.J. & Mary Grosvenor. I have used the 1974, 3rd edition since 1977. It is one of the first books every student of the Greek NT should have in his or her library.
New Plan for Reading the Greek NT i 2023 by Timothy Paul Jones.
Walking Through Phillipians: A Brief Guided Tour by Rod Whitacre. This YouTube series has had 242 views as of July 29, 2022. It is worthy of a lot more views than that so let’s share it.
Greek For All vocabulary apps: For the LXX. For the NT. These are the best apps for learning Biblical Vocabulary
Watson E. Mills New Testament Greek: An Introductory Grammar (1985) an interesting 8-case Grammar.
Bruce Metzger Lexical Aids for Students of NT Greek (1998). Every student of NT Greek should have a copy of this valuable work. By the same author, anyone wanting to learn to read the ancient Greek manuscripts will find Manuscripts of the Greek Bible: An Introduction to Greek Paleography an essential tool.
You can type Greek with Type Greek. Learn how to type the Greek Alphabet with this program.
Lee Irons's Greek Syntax Notes will help to facilitate your study of the finer points of Greek syntax. His Upper-Register website has lots of research articles.
The Greek New Testament for Beginning Readers: Byzantine Textform. This is the finest tool for students seeking to learn to read the Greek New Testament. It is especially noteworthy for the information on parsing verbs. It will do wonders for your sight reading ability. Here is the same wonderful book in Free PDF: Reader’s Edition. Here is the 2018 update to the RP Byzantine Textform. The Text-Critical English Testament by Adam Boyd is an excellent translation of the Byzantine Textform with superb text-critical footnotes. Here are three reviews of Harry Sturz’ The Byzantine Text-Type and NT Textual Criticism. Sturz’s book has recently been reprinted with “Preface” by David Allen Black: Byzantine Text-Type & NT Textual Criticism.
Margaret E. Thrall (1962) Greek Particles in the New Testament. A standard work. She also wrote The Cambridge Bible Commentary on the New English Bible, 1 & 2 Corinthians.
Greek New Testament Reader with Word Parsing, Morphology, and Dictionary. This features the Society of Biblical Literature Greek text edited by Michael Holmes. Very helpful.
Tyndale House Greek NT STEP. This is the link to the Byzantine Greek Text. There is amazing amount of information available by clicking on any word.
Here is a Complete Video Course in NT Greek featuring David Allen Black´s Learn to Read New Testament Greek.
Here is an oral rendition of John Chapter 1.
Here is my Progress Chart for Darryl Burling’s Mastering NT Greek. Here is a more recent MNTG Chart. Here is Dr. Burling Master NT Greek website. Dan Wallace has a plan for reading the Greek New Testament in one year.
Greekdoc.com: NT, OT, Apocrypha, and Early Church documents in Greek with parsing and definitio
C. B. Hale’s (1982) Let’s Study Greek is a unique approach to learning NT Greek using interesting narratives. Unfortunately it is currently out of print. James Boyce published a private edition with a key in 1998.
Murry J. Harris (2011) Prepositions and Theology in the Greek New Testament.
Septuagint of Genesis formatted for fluent oral and silent reading. I created this document myself.
Concerning my Greek System of Pronunciation
My own Greek pronunciation largely follows the recommendations in W. S. Allen's Vox Graeca: A Guide To The Pronunciation Of Classical Greek,Cambridge 1987. You can purchase Allen's authoritative book at: Vox Graeca: W. Sidney Allen. I privately published a work entitled A Practical Guide the Pronunciation and Reading of New Testament Greek in 1987, in which I sought to apply my studies in Ancient Greek pronunciation and Articulatory Phonetics to the oral rendition of New Testament Greek. Here is an early edition of Vox Graeca in pdf format. Ηere are some extensive Pronunciation Drills for Koiné Greek that I developed March 2021.
Welcome to the Ancient Greek Tutorial site of the Department of Classics of the University of California, Berkeley, a project of Professor Donald Mastronarde and the Berkeley Language Center. I recently discovered another web site loaded with practical information on Ancient Greek pronunciation, including audio files and numerous links: Biblical Greek Pronunciation
Institute of Biblical Greek: Guide to various Pronunciations of NT Greek.
Historical Greek Pronunciation vs. Erasmian by Philemon Zachariou. A thorough study of the history of the pronunciation of Greek, advocating Modern Pronunciation.
Brooks and Winbery (1994) A Morphology of NT Greek : A Review and Reference Grammar. Rivals Mounce’s Morphology.
Listen to the Greek Text of Ephesians Read by Dr. Louis Tyler
Dr. Tyler has just recorded (Jan. '06) the Robinson-Pierpoint Byzantine Greek NT. I will leave the earlier recordings of the Textus Receptus below for those who prefer the TR. To listen just click on the chapter: Ephesians 1, Ephesians 2, Ephesians 3, Ephesians 4, Ephesians 5, Ephesians 6. The Partiarcial Text of the Greek Orthodox Church is virtually identical to the R-P text. Ephesians - Greek Orthodox Text. Here is an Interview with Robinson. Dr. Tyler now has his own website: www.AudioHebrewGreekBible.com. Vocabulary of the Word Forms in Ephesians.
My good friend Louis Tyler M. Div, M.A., Ph.D. made these recordings for me when I was teaching Spanish at the Bowie Junior High in Odessa, TX. It is a meticulously accurate recording of the book of Ephesians from F. H. A. Scrivener's 1894 and 1902 edition of the Textus Receptus. Click on the Chapter Links below to listen to the mp3 audio. Ephesians 1; Ephesians 2; Ephesians 3; Ephesians 4; Ephesians 5; Ephesians 6. Here is Dr. Tyler’s Heb-Greek Audio Bible website.
Here is Ross and Elizabeth McKerras’ excellent rendition of Ephesians on YouTube: Ephesians 1; Ephesians 2; Ephesians 3; Ephesians 4; Ephesians 5; Ephesians 6.
Here is Dr. Louis Tyler’s audio recoding of Jonah in the LXX. This is a great opportunity to broaden and deepen your experience reading Hellenistic Greek. Jonah 1, Jonah 2, Jonah 3, Jonah 4. Here is a convenient copy of the LXX of Jonah to use with the recordings
Here is a link to Dr. Louis Tyler’s recording of the entire Robinson-Pierpoint Greek NT Textform.
The Gospel of John in the Nestle-Aland 26 Edition. A superb reading with Erasmian pronunciation. The accents and phrasing is excellent. The rho is not trilled. Here is Christophe Rico reading John Chapter 1 in Erasmian pronunciation. Be sure and watch Dr. Rico’s Sixth Renaissance.
George Ricker Berry The Interlinear Literal Translation of the Greek NT. And here is a modern defense of the Hamilton Interlinear Method of learning foreign language. Here is Hamilton’s The History, Principles, Practice, and Results of the Hamiltonian System (1769-1829)
The Tyndale House Greek Text of Mark. This is a sample from The Greek NT recently published by Tyndale House Cambridge. It is based on the oldest manuscripts and recent research into scribal habits. Here is a verse-by-verse comparison of the Robinson-Pierpoint Byzantine Text-type of Mark and the Tyndale House Greek text.
Plan for Reading the Greek NT in 2023 following the order in Darryl Burling’s Master NT Greek. Students read 1 chapter per day, five days per week for 260 chapters in 52 weeks.
A Systematic Plan for Mastering the Greek Text of Mark. This is a plan I created for repeated reading of Mark’s Gospel to improve my ability to sight read NT Greek. Here is my Workbook for Mastering the Greek Text of the Gospel of Mark. Here is my Vocabulary Aid and Parsed Verbs for the Gospel of Mark. Here is a specially formatted Greek of Mark’s Gospel. Here is The Gospel of Mark Vocabulary Practice. Eugene Nida: Learning by Listening. Click on the chapter to access Dr. Louis Tyler’s recording of the Robinson-Pierpoint Byzantine Textform: Mark 1, Mark 2, Mark 3, Mark 4, Mark 5, Mark 6, Mark 7, Mark 8, Mark 9, Mark 10, Mark 11, Mark 12, Mark 13, Mark 14, Mark 15, Mark 16. I recommend The Beginning of the Gospel of Jesus Christ According to Mark due to its emphasis on the Greek text and verb tenses.
Brooks & Winbery (1979) Syntax of New Testament Greek. An outstanding 8-case grammar.
Summary of the Greek Cases (5 case system) with examples.
Patriarchal Text (1904) of the Greek Orthodox Church. This text of the NT is great because it can be pasted into a Word document with all the accents, breathings, etc.
Student’s Textus Receptus: This is the 1855 American Edition Polymicrian Testament by William Greenfield. It is one of the most helpful Greek texts for students learning N.T. Greek.
Solid Rock Greek NT: Scholar’s Edition (2018). This is a text produced on Byzantine-priority principles.
Novum Testamentum Gracece: Wide Margin Study Edition. This is the 1904 Nestle text.
Word Picture in the New Testament by A. T. Robertson. This is even better than the original because it presents the Greek words in Greek rather than English transliteration. Here is an recent es “Robertson’s Century: The reception and impact of an epoch-making grammar of the GNT.
Septuagint Greek Text by the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America.
Septuaginta This is a very readable copy of the Rahlfs/Hanhart edition. It can be cut and pasted into text documents. You can also find the Nestle Aland 28ed and BHS Hebrew.
F. H. A. Scrivener's Η ΚΑΙΝΗ ΔΙΑΘΗΚΗ. A Greek based on the 1550 TR of Stephanici. It has a magnificent cross-reference system and textual apparatus including readings from Tischendorf, Westcott-Hort, et. al. If it where still available, it would be my NT Greek Study Bible.
Hodge & Farstad The Greek NT According to the Majority Text, 2nd ed. I read this critical text of the New Testament through in 1984 for my daily devotional. Here is a much better scan of the Majority Text (2nd edition)
The new 28 edition of the Nestle Aland Greek NT is available Online. As the INTF worked through the Catholic letters, they came to see much greater value of the Byzantine manuscripts than they had previously. The NA 28 recognizes the "readability of the mainstream tradition." this welcome change in perspective was made possible because of exhaustive collations. See Dan Wallace.
The #1 app for reading and studying Greek is Bible Web App. I know of no better tool anywhere for any price for helping your read your Greek New Testament.
Here are some very detailed, extensive, and helpful NT Greek Charts for Global Learners by R. Aschmann.
Intermediate Biblical Greek Reader: Galatians and Related Texts (No Date, 2010 or later) Nija K. Gupta & Jonah M. Sandford. For those who have completed a beginning Greek course, this book will help you reach the next level.
Mark in Greek by Rob Plummer. There are recorded videos explaining the Greek in every verse in Mark. Rob is coauthor of Going Deeper with NT. Greek. Merkle and Plummer in 2020 published their up-to-date Beginning with NT Greek. Since their Answer Key does not accent the English to Greek translations, I made my own Answer Key with all the words accented.
Sharpening Your Greek: A Primer for Bible Teachers and Pastors Part I by Gregory R. Lanier. A very thorough introduction. Part II.
John Dobson's Learn New Testament Greek is a very popular method. The audio is very good Erasmian pronunciation. He follows the same linguistic principles that I have used in teaching my language classes.
Cheryl Lowe, a leading author and publisher in the Classical Core Curriculum movement, recently alerted me to the virtues of Clayton Croy's Primer of Biblical Greek. I highly recommend this well organized and thorough grammar of NT Greek. A tremendous of valuables Online help is available: Croy Resources. The Eerdmans resources are excellent: includes answer key! Mrs. Lowe passed away in July 2017.You can borrow Croy’s Primer for one hour on Archive.
How to Use the Greek NT by Guy N. Woods (1951). This book was given to me by Brother Windell Gann, a school mate at a the Cincinnati Bible Seminary.
Greek to Me: Learning New Testament Greek Through Memory Visualization by J. Lyle Story & Cullen I. K. Story. I taught this text in the late 1970's with great success. I thought it was out of print, but am glad to discover that it is still for sale at a very low price. It would be great to use with local Church people desiring to read the NT in the original language. You can order a CD, Flash Cards and other material to accompany the program at Greektome.biz.
Greek New Testament: LaParola.
Listen to Genesis in Greek read by Anton Tasos This is excellent modern Greek pronunciation.
Home School Greek: For students laboring to make their own way into Greek without a teacher, I recommend Harvey Bluedorn's Home School Greek. Harvey's method is largely programmed so the student can teach himself. Audio Cassettes are available. Order your copy at: Home School Greek
Here is a interesting, interactrive story approach to learning begining Koine Greek: CALL: Koine Greek
New Testament Greek: A Beginning and Intermediate Grammar (1986) by James Allen Hewett, one of the better NT Grammars.
Lumina: An Online App that will let you read several English (including NET) and a Greek text of the New Testament with notes.
Westcott & Hort Resource Center. A good source of information on Wescott & Hort, and downloadable copies of their works.
A Greek-English Lexicon of the Septuagint (2003) by Johan Lust, Erik Eynikle, and Katrin Haupie. This is a pdf of the whole lexicon!
Concise Greek-English Dictionary of the NT (2010 Revised ed.) by Barclay M. Newman. The handiest dictionary available.
Biblical Greek Illustrated by Examples by Maximilian Zerwick S. J. An exceptionally valuable work. I bought my copy on 6/27/72!
An Introduction to the Study of New Testament Greek (1955) 5th Edition of James Hope Moulton’s book (1909, 1914), edited by Henry G. Meecham.
Basics of Greek Accents: Eight Lessons with Exercises (2018) by John A. L. Lee is an excellent tool for mastering Greek accents. I made a Template for the Exercises so I can practice without having to write in the book.
Alfred Schmoller, Handkonkordanz zum griechischen Neuen Testament (1973). I use my copy of Schmoller’s pocket concordance of the NT almost every day.
Bruce M. Metzer (1981) Manuscripts of the Greek Bible: An Introduction to Greek Paleography. A must book for those planning to read the manuscripts.
Greek Fonts
I recommend the UNICODE Classical Greek Font, which is available for download from Tavultesoft: Keyman 15 It is easy to touch type all the Greek letters and accents! This is quite an improvement since the days when I typed the English with my Royal Safara manual typewriter, and wrote the Greek by hand! Unfortunately this doesn't work with my new Mac!!! Will someone please make a Keyman keyboard for Mac! I use the Unicode program that comes with the Mac; it confuses my fingers and fries my brain - but I manage. After 6 years typing Greek on my Macbook, I eventually mastered the new keyboard and can touch type Greek, Spanish, and English. It still seems weird to type upsilon with the y-key, but my mind finally accepted the new system. I use the SIL Galatia font most of my work with the Macbook.
Dr. Gleason Archer
One of the very best tools for learning Greek was Dr. Gleason Archer's Greek Master by Heaven Word. I have spent many happy hours listening to his rendition of Matthew, John, and Roman. I have found that listening, is the best way to learn any language. His pronunciation is exactly like mine, except that I trill my rhos, and deaspirate my stops. His oral rendering of the Greek accents is precise. He carefully connects the proclitics and enclitics with the words to which they are to be pronounced. I developed my system of pronunciation years before listening to Dr. Archer's, but it is very gratifying to learn that a highly respected Greek scholar has adopted for his personal reading of the Greek text a nearly identical method. This program had the whole New Testament according to the American Bible Society 4th ed., with an excellent interlinear for those who need it. We lament that Dr. Archer passed away on April 27, 2004. Here is Dr. Archer's oral rendition of the Sermon on the Mount: Matthew 5. Matthew 6. Matthew 7. It is very important to understand that Dr. Archer is reading at a conversational speed and with fluency and accuracy. Lamentably the program is no longer available, I am told because of a lack of interest. What a shame! Nothing even close has come along to replace it. On October 25, 2017, I found a recording of Dr. Archer’s oral rendition of John 1-9 that I had transferred from the program to a separate archive file: John 1. John 2. John 3. John 4. John 5. John 6. John 7. John 8. John 9. Archer also wrote a book, Old Testament Quotations in the NT. Here is Archer’s little commentary on Romans.
One book that I have used almost daily to assist me in reading my Greek New Testament is that most helpful volume, Grammatical Analysis of the Greek NT by Max Zerwick. Basically it is a one volume commentary on the grammar and vocabulary of the Greek New Testament. Order your copy at : Grammatical Analysis of the Greek New Testament. With nothing but Zerwick, a good lexicon, and a basic grammar the serious student can go a long way in reading the Greek NT for himself.
The Clementine Tradition: Bernard Orchard’s thesis on the order, dating, and dependence of the Gospels: Matthew Luke Mark.
I have several lexicons in my library from an 1850 edition of Edward Robinson to the latest BAGD. Quite frankly there are two that answer most of my needs and are small and easy to tote about. They both have the handy feature of listing irregular verbs in alphabetical order, eliminating the need for an analytical lexicon. The first is better but much more expensive. They can both be ordered on-line at: Shorter Lexicon: Gingrich-Danker or Dictionary of the GNT: Newman. Now add Danker's The Concise Greek-English Lexicon of the NT.
Eric Sowell (2002) An Intermediate Guide to Greek Diagramming. I learned to diagram Greek from William LaSor's Handbook of NT Greek in the mid 1970's It was an exhilarating experience.
Grammar Notes for New Testament Greek prepared by James L. Boyce, Luther Seminary (2003)
Diagramming and Conducting a Grammatical Analysis. Excellent information on how to diagram Greek sentences.
When God Spoke Greek: The LXX and the Making of the Christian Bible. (2013) by Timothy Michael Law.
Wesley J. Perschbacher (1995) NT Greek Syntax: An Illustrated Manual. Very complete and helpful, full bibliography. One reviewer indicates that there are many errors in the Greek and English text due to lack of proofreading.
R. W. Funk (1972) Beginning-Intermediate Grammar of Hellenistic Greek, Vol. 2. Hands-down the best syntax written from a modern linguistic viewpoint.
S. Walter Green (1906) Lessons in New Testament Greek (A Secondary Course) with Exercises and Reading Lessons. A fine book for students familiar with the elements
Moisés Silva (1983) Biblical Words and Their Meanings: An Introduction to Lexical Semantics
Eugene Van Ness Goetchius (1965) Language of the New Testament. One of the most used book in my library, specially strong on morphology and sentence structure.
Harold Greenlee A Concise Exegetical Grammar of New Testament Greek. Thanks to Asbury Theological Seminary for making Greenlee’s helpful work available for free digital download.
Joseph l. Dongell (2015) Elementary New Testament Greek. This is the first year Greek grammar used at Asbury Theological Seminary, an excellent work.
Robert Dean, Jr. (2003) Greek Grammar for Those Who Don’t Know Greek. A very practical introduction to NT Greek.
Biblical Greek Language and Linguistics (1993) edited by Stanley E. Porter & D. A. Carson. Extremely important, especially re. Verbal Aspect.
Greek Accents: A Student’s Manual by D. A. Carson. This is a high quality pdf of the book. I have used it extensively in my studies of New Testament Greek. He uses the British order of the cases.
The OpenText.org website offers some astute analysis of the Grammar of the Greek NT. I wouldn't consider a study of a NT text complete without reference to this site.
Elements of Fluency in Reading Greek A Short but helpful article by Rodney A. Whitacre on developing fluency in reading Greek. I also suggest reading while listening to a good recording such as Dr. Luis Tyler's renditions of the WH and Robertson-Pierpoint Byzantine texts.
Danny Zacharias has rich NT Greek page at Helping People Learn Greek.
Learn to write and read Byzantine Greek Cursive.
TextKit.org had lot of old language book available. They were early pacesetters in publish classical material, much of which is now available from other sources.
Samuel A. Cartledge’'s Basic Grammar of The Greek New Testament (1959). A handy review and reference. He also wrote A Conservative Introduction to the New Testament (1948) This copy of Cartledge’s Jesus of Fact and Faith (1968) was owned by my professor, George Mark Elliott.
David Alan Black's Greek Resources Online page.
Christological Greek Grammar; The Person and Work of Christ in Ephesians by Dr. Gary Staats. A very helpful work, especially for beginning students of Greek.
F. A. Adams (1885) The Greek Prepositions, Studied from their Original Meanings as Designations of Space. A most helpful work for learning those pesky prepositions.
Moses Stuart and Edward Robinson A Greek Grammar of the New Testament, 1825. Here is the 1841 edition: A Greek Grammar of the NT. Moses Stuart: The Father of Biblical Science in America. by John H. Giltner (1988).
William Trollope 1841 A Grammar of the Greek New Testament and to the common or Hellenic diction of the Later Greek.
Edward Robinson's 1851 translation of Phillip Buttman's A Greek Grammar for the Use of High Schools and Universities. Here is some information on the Life of Edward Robinson. He was the premier American Biblical scholar of his day. "Their Finest Hour: Edward Robinson and the Exploration of Palestine" (Ch. 7 in Rise of Biblical Criticism in America. 1800-1870. The new England Scholars by Jerry Wayne Brown (1969)
William Webster's The Syntax and Synonyms of the Greek New Testament, 1865.
For a very excellent study of the Greek Moods and Tenses as used in the Greek New Testament, students can still gain valuable insights from E. D. Burton's Syntax of Greek Moods and Tenses.
J. Hope Moulton's A Grammar of the Greek New Testament: Prolegomena, 1906. The same year Moulton delivered a very readable lecture, The Science of Language and the Study of the New Testament. The second volume, A Grammar of NT Greek covering Sounds and Writing & Word Formation by Howard. Here is the third volume, Syntax by Nigel Turner
W. F. Moulton's translation of G. B. Winer's A Treatise on the Grammar of New Testament Greek, 1882. I find it interesting that Harold E. Hoehner's recent (2002) Exegetical Commentary on Ephesians had numerous references to this edition of Winer. I have spent many pleasant and profitable hours studying Hoehner's master work on Ephesians.
Machen, Davis, and Cary - Free beginning Greek grammars on the web
New Testament Greek for Beginners by Machen has long been a favorite textbook. Here is Dan G. McCartney’s 2nd ed. of Machen’s NT Greek for Beginners. A Study Guide for J. Gresham Machen’s N Greek for Beginners (1980). W. H Davis wrote a fine NT Greek Grammar that is available for download at: Beginner's Grammar of NT Greek. (Davis Grammar is in pdf format) Davis' Grammar fortunately, like Roberts, introduces the infinitive earlier than Machen and others, allowing the students to compose and read Greek much earlier. It has recently been republished in an revised and expanded format by Dr. Shackelford: Davis' Grammar Revised. Here is a note on the "Preface" from the Southwester Baptist Theological Seminary. I have published Corrections to Shackelford-Davis. Davis is very strong on the accents. Davis also has much more detailed information concerning Greek usage than Machen. Here is a excellent pdf file for Davis' Vocabulary. Here is an excellent PDF of Davis’ Grammar. Here is a excellent PDF of Machen’s NT Greek for Beginners. Answer Key to Machen’s Grammar. Study Guide for Machen’s NT Greek for Beginners (1980) by David L. Thompson. A very detailed and helpful guide.
Geo. L. Cary (1878) An Introduction to the Greek of the New Testament. Libravox has recorded all of Cary Introduction. The recordings make are excellent for self-study. Here is the Archive copy of An Introduction to the Greek of the New Testament. It is especially good for developing fluency.
R. W. Funk's A Beginning-Intermediate Grammar of Hellenistic Greek. I used this modern structural grammar a lot when I was beginning to learn NT. Greek. A very complete and helpful work. I notice that C. B. Hale assisted with the editing. Obviously written before Funk joined the Jesus Seminar. Here is a free copy of the Workbook. It is also available in a new paperback edition: Beginning-Intermediate Greek. Funk also translated and edited the famous and useful A Greek Grammar of the NT and other Early Christian Literature and by Blass-DeBrunner (1961). Usually abbreviated BDF.
Multipurpose Tools for Bible Study: Revised & Expanded Edition by Frederick W. Danker (1993). A Bibliography with valuable help on how to use the tools. I have used the first edition this book since 5/18/71!
David Aan Black (1995) Linguistics for Students of NT Greek. I have used this book for years and found it very valuable.
Alexander Souter (1917) A Pocket Lexicon to the Greek New Testament. I have a beautiful hardbound copies of this book, which has seen heavy use in my ministry.
G. Abbott-Smith (1922) A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament. An excellent lexicon that I have used for years.
Gramática Elemental del Griego del Nuevo Testamento. Puede descargar este gramática gratis.
Encountering New Testament Manuscripts: A Working Introduction to Textual Criticism (1974) by Jack Finegan. Light from the Ancient Past: An Archaeological Background of Judaism & Christianity.
The Byzantine Text-Type and New Testament Textual Criticism (1984) by Harry A. Sturz.
Read the Old Testament in Greek Online
For an excellent, readable copy of the Old Testament in Greek A. E. Brooke, N. McLean, H. St-J. Thackeray, ed., London : Cambridge University Press, 1906-. I read the Greek OT for my daily devotions in 1978. It was a marvelous experience, and I recommend at least one reading of the entire Greek OT with a pen in hand for noting vocabulary, grammar, and spiritual points of interests. Read the Old Testament in Greek.
Greek Language Tools An interesting phonics approach to Greek morphology.
You can read a facsimile of Erasmus' Greek New Testament and a lot of other old Bibles at Bibles-Online.net
Greek New Testament (by Tony Fisher): the text of the New Testament is rendered here as images. You do not need any Greek fonts installed to view the pages. If you click on a Greek word, it turns red and a table appears, giving morphological information about the word, including its root and grammatical category. You can also do word searches. This is an excellent aid for anyone seeking to learn to read his Greek New Testament.
For a very learner-friendly introduction to Homeric Greek, I highly recommend The Greek Enchiridion.
An amazing amount of Greek grammar information can be found at the following site: Greek Grammar.
New Testament Greek for Laymen: An Introductory Grammar (2002) By Michael A. Merritt. .
The Online Greek Bible: This web site offers NT search capability along with parsing. It is a great source to have up and running when reading the New Testament: The Online Greek Bible.
Elementary New Testament Greek by Open Texture is a three year program for NT Greek.
A. W. Argyle (1965) An Introductory Grammar of New Testament Greek with Exercises. A very delightful and well organized grammar, superb for review.
For a veritable plethora of information on New Testament textual criticism, see the TC Links page.
The Princeton Classical Language Instruction Project has some good classical audio.
Edward Robinson's 1850 Greek and English Lexicon of the New Testament. Although old, this lexicon is especially valuable because of its examples of word usage from classical authors.
Here is Hudson’s 1875 Critical Greek and English Concordance of the New Testament.
J. A. Bass 1860 A Greek and English Manual Lexicon to the New Testament with Examples of all Irregular and more Difficult Inflections.
Alexander Souter (1917 ) A Pocket Lexicon of of the Greek New Testament. A good lexicon that made use of papyri discoveries. Here is Souter’s The Text and Canon of the New Testament (1913)
Here is a school edition of Edward Robinson's earlier edition: A Greek Lexicon to the NT (1836) Charles Robson.
You can purchase Maurice Robinson's Byzantine text at: The New Testament in the Original Greek.
Here is an article by Henry C. Theissen, "Should NT Greek Be Required in Our Ministerial Training Courses?"
Machen: The Minister and His Greek Testament. Here is a brief but vital excerpt: "The Greek of the New Testament is by no means a difficult language; a very fair knowledge of it may be acquired by any minister of average intelligence. And to that end two homely directions may be given. In the first place, the Greek should be read aloud. A language cannot easy be learned by the eye alone. The sound as well as the sense of familiar passages should be impressed upon the mind, until sound and sense are connected without the medium of translation. Let this result not be hastened; it will come of itself if the simple direction be followed. In the second place, the Greek Testament should be read every day without fail, Sabbaths included. Ten minutes a day is of vastly more value than seventy minutes once a week. If the student keeps a "morning watch," the Greek Testament ought to be given a place in it; at any rate, the Greek Testament should be read devotionally. The Greek Testament is a sacred book, and should be treated as such. If it is treated so, the reading of it will soon become a source of joy and power." Here is a Spanish translation: El Ministro y su Nuevo Testamento Griego.
A. T. Robertson's (1909) A Short Grammar of the Greek New Testament. This was revised in 1933 with the help of William Hershey Davis and published as A New Short Grammar of the Greek New Testament. His 1903 Bibliography for Study of New Testament Greek can lead to some important sources. Here is Robertson's inaugural address on Preaching and Scholarship. Read it closely, dust off your NT, and preach better sermons! The Robertson-Davis (1933) A New Short Grammar of the Greek New Testament 10th remains a goldmine of information.
A. T. Robertson's (1919, 3rd edition) A Grammar of the Greek New Testament in the Light of Historical Research. I got my copy of Robertson's Big Grammar on August 14, 1972. For the next few weeks, the world outside of my office stopped as I devoured Robertson's Grammar. No one ever made Greek Grammar as exciting as Dr. Robertson. One neglects Robertson's Grammar at his own exegetical peril.
A. T. Robertson (1923) The Minister and His Greek New Testament. You will need special Greek font to read the Greek words.
J. H. Moulton's Introduction to the Study of New Testament Greek (1895). Note that this is a book for beginners, not to be confused with his larger Prolegomena. Robertson mentions the book, but says that it is was not well adapted to American schools. I have a hardbound copy in my library. I have found it quite helpful.
P. Thomson (1895) The Greek Tenses in the New Testament: Their Bearing on its Accurate Interpretation. I discovered this book while examining the bibliography of A. T. Robertson's Short Grammar above. This is a fascinating and practical work. It includes "A Rendering of the Gospels and Notes" discussing the implications of tense for translation and interpretation of Gospel texts." A work you will want to read with your Greek New Testament in your hand!
John A. Battlefield Jr. 1975 PhD thesis: The Present Indicative in NT Exegesis. Other eSources are available from the Gordon Faculty Online.
Gessner Harrison (1858) Treatise on the Greek Prepositions and on the Case of the Nouns with which they are used. Harrison taught John A. Broadus who taught A. T. Robertson. I saw a copy of this at the Winona Lake Theological Seminary Library in Warsaw, Indiana. Harrison was one of the first scholars to make use of the new knowledge of comparative philology.
Emily Helen Dutton Studies in the Greek Prepositional Phrases διἀ, ἀπὀ, ἐκ, ἑν. (1916). Α full length monogram.
Clyde W. Votow's The Use of the Infinitive in New Testament Greek (1896).
Richard Weymouth 1894 On The Rendering into English of the Greek Aorist and Perfect and The Resultant Greek Testament.
William Ramsey has a complete Greek Course available at Inthebeginning.com
Here are some Classical Greek texts with accompanying translations to aid you in expanding your Greek horizons beyond Biblical literature Classical Greeks Texts with Translations. Some of the translations are from ancient to modern Greek, others to English.
Acts of Apostles Translated from the Greek on the Basis of the Common Version (1858) by Alexander Campbell. Three columns comparing the KJV & Greek Text & Campbell's Revised Version accompanied with extensive notes on the Greek text justifying his translation. Exhibits wide reading and careful judgment.
Moses Stuart (1832, 1854) Commentary on Romans.
Moses Stuart 1845 Commentary on the Apocalypse.
John Eadie (1883) Commentary on the Greek Text of Ephesians. Samuel Turner (1856) The Epistle to the Ephesians
Arthur Ellis 1862 Bentlii Critica Sacra (The textual and biblical scholar, Richard Bentley notes.)
DeWette 1858 An Historico-Critical Introduction to the Historical Books of the New Testament.
Rose's 1833 editon of Middleton's famous 1828 Doctrine of the Greek Article.
A. C. Barrett 1878 Companion to the Greek New Testament A Cambridge School and College Textbook.
C. E. Hammond 1880 Outlines of Textual Criticism Applied to the New Testament.
B. B. Warfield 1897 Introduction to the Textual Criticism of the New Testament. A very clear and easy to understand introduction for the beginner in the field.
Marvin R. Vincent 1899 A History of the Textual Criticism of the New Testament.
F. H. Scrivener 1861 A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament for the Use of Biblical Students. In general, he defended the traditional text. Also his 1859 Contributions to the Criticism of the Greek New Testament being the Introduction to an Edition of the Codex Augiensis and Fifty Other Manuscripts.
Edwin Abbott's Johannine Vocabulary 1905; and Johannine Grammar 1906. The Fourth Gospel 1913, something of a commentary on John with considerable reference to the Synoptics. It is important to keep in mind that Abbott denied the miraculous elements of the Gospels and OT, but his Greek scholarship was impeccable and of lasting value.
Here and There in the Greek New Testament by Potwin. An excellent little introduction to exegesis.
Richard A. Young (1989) "A Classification of Conditional Sentences Based on Speech Act Theory.”
A First Greek Reader with Notes and Vocabulary by Charles Melville Moss, 1887. A good reader for beginners.
E. A. Sophocles: History of the Greek Alphabet with remarks on the Orthography and Pronunciation, 1848.
The Pronunciation of Greek and Latin by E. H. Sturtenvant, 1920. This is a standard work in the field by a leading linguist of the time.
The Restored Pronunciation of Greek and Latin, 1908.
Here is a book comparing Modern and Ancient Greek pronunciation: The Modern Greek: Its Pronunciation and Relation to Ancient Greek. Also see the thoroughly delightful work, Greek and Latin as in Rome and Athens, or, Classical Languages and Modern Tongues (1880) by Francis M. Wyndham.
Richard Payne Knight's An Analytical Essay on the Greek Alphabet, 1791. An old but interesting work.
William Penn 1874 How to Learn to Read the Greek New Testament.
A Practical Guide to the Greek New Testament, 1900. Samuel Bagster & Sons. A neat book for getting quickly into the GNT. It will take you through the Sermon on the Mount!
A. T. Robertson's tells us, "The best discussion of comparative grammar for beginners is the second edition of P. Giles 1901 A Short Manual of Comparative Philology for Classical Students.
Analytical Vocabulary 1878 of all the words in the Greek New Testament. An extremely valuable work for enabling one to master the vocabulary of the Greek New Testament.
Here is Thayer's Greek-English Lexicon of the New Teatament 1889. I had the privelege of studying under Professor R. C. Foster, a student of Dr. Thayer. Dr. Thayer also wrote a helpful book, Books and Their Use, An Address, to which is appended a list of books for Students of the New Testament.
H. B. Sweet's great commentary on the Greek text of Mark.
Samuel H. Turner (1856) The Epistle to the Ephesians: In Greek and English, with an Analysis and Exegetical Commentary.
Hobart's 1882 Medical Language of Luke. Here is Harnack's great work on Luke: Luke the Physician. Plummer's commentary in the International Critical Commentary remains a model of scholarship. William Ramsay wrote Luke the Physician.
Greenfield and Hunt Greek Papyra Series II.
Samuel J. Andrews (1870) The Life of Our Lord Upon the Earth Considered in its Historical, Chronological, and Geographical Relations. This is a very valuable work, deserving careful study. It will build your faith. Here is the 1903 Revision of this worthy work
John William Donaldson (1862) A Complete Grammar for the Use of Students. This work is particularly valuable because it makes use of comparative philology and is quite complete. He also wrote (1859) The New Cratylus: Or Contributions Toward a More Accurate Knowledge of the Greek Language.
F. W. Farrar (1867) A Brief Greek Syntax and HInts on Greek Accidents, with Some Reference to Comparative Philology and with Illustrations from Various Modern Languages. I am not so sure what he meant about "brief," but the work is very valuable. He intended to make it interesting for boys. That's what he said! His Life of Christ is exciting and informative, and his Life and Work of St. Paul remains worth reading.
John H. Huddilston (1895 ) Essentials of New Testament Greek. I have a 1947 reprint of this book. I had planned to scan it and publish it here. Thanks to GoogleBook for doing the work for me! Machen used Huddilston in the preparation of his still-popular beginners' grammar.
C. B. Williams (1908) The Participle in the Book of Acts. Important for its attempt to classify the participles. He later published a modern speech translation of the NT which attempted to express the Greek tenses with care. Here is a complete Biography of C. B. Williams.
Adolf Deissmann (1908) New Light on the New Testament from the Records of the Graeco-Roman Period. Deissman's work continues to impact modern New Tesament scholarship. Also important is his Philology of the Greek Bible. Lectures delivered to the Cambridge summer school of the Free churches, July and August, 1907. First published in the "Expositor," October 1907-January 1908.
Edwin Hatch (1889 ) Essays in Biblical Greek. Hatch attempts to show how the LXX influenced the meaning of NT words. Considered a pre-Deissmann work because he did not make much use of the new papyri finds. Here is Hatch's 1888 Hibbert Lectures: The Influence of Greek Ideas and Usages upon the Christian Church, fourth edition, 1892.
Horace Addison Hoffman's (1919) Everyday Greek: Greek Words in English including Scientific Terms. The best book I have seen for learning English words that come from Greek. The book requires a knowledge of the Greek alphabet. A very fine book. Highly recommended.
F. A. Paley's (1881) A Short Treatise on the Greek Particles According to Attic Usage.
Hatch and Redpath (1906) Concordance to the Septuagint. Still the standard.
Moulton and Geden's (1900) Concordance to the Greek Testament remains a model of industry and accuracy.
R. C. Trench (1906 edition) Synonyms of the New Testament. A helpful work in NT exegesis.
James Clyde (1881, 6th edition) GREEK SYNTAX WITH A RATIONALE OF THE CONSTRUCTIONS CONTAINING AN ENGLISH SUMMARY FOR THE USE OF LEARNERS AND A CHAPTER ON ACCENTS. An extremely useful work. Published late enough to make good use of comparative philology, but too early to make use of the new papyri finds.
Chr. Wordsworth's (1881) Greek Text and notes of the Gospels.
Hawkins' Horae Synopticae (1909) Contributions to the Study of the Synoptics.
Sources of the Synoptic Gospels (1915) by Carl S. Patton, based on Two-Source Theory. A very detailed and interesting study.
Introduction to the Synoptic Gospels (1895) Patton J. Gloag.
The New Testament in the Apostolic Fathers. (1905). This work is a technical discussion of the manner in which the Apostolic Fathers quoted from the New Testament.
Louis Bevier, Jr. (1903) Brief Greek Syntax. This is a handy and useful review of Greek syntax. We all need to review the basics from time to time to keep sharp. I do, anyway!
John T. White's (1877) St. Paul's Epistle to the Romans with Greek Vocabulary. One of the all time best aids for learning to read Romans. The vocabulary is priceless. Other book by John T. White with vocabularies: 1885 John, 1887 Matthew, 1888 Luke, 1885 Acts of Apostles, 1886 Mark,
Arthur Charles Barrett's (1869) Companion to the Greek New Testament. An older book, but contains a lot of helpful information.
Morrison and Goddell (1903) Greek Lessons for Beginners. Of all the beginners books for Classical Greek this is the most brilliantly organized that I have seen. Those who have worked in the field of NT Greek would do well to go through this grammar one time to refresh and deepen their feel for the language. Here is Goddell's 1903 School Grammar of Attic Greek.
I have used George Morish’s A Handy Concordance to the Septuagint during most of my ministry.
George Campbell's 1835 The Four Gospels Translated from Greek.
Sir Frederick Kenyon's 1901 Handbook to the Textual Criticism of the New Testament. A scholarly introduction to the subject.
John Burgon's 1896 The Traditional Text of the Holy Gospels. A thoughtful defense of the Traditional Greek text of the NT.
S. W. Whitney 1892 The Revisers' Greek Text: A Critical Examination of Certain Readings, Textual and Marginal, in the Greek of the NT Adopted by the Late Anglo-American Revisers. An important and often overlooked work.
Camden M. Corban 1913 The New Archaeological Discoveries and Their Bearing Upon the New Testament and Upon the Life and Times of the Primitive Church. I have had a copy of this book in my library for many years. it is a great work written after the discovery of the non-literary papyri.
John Holmes 1765 The Greek Grammar. Old but extraordinarily interesting.
A. T. Robertson 1920 Luke the Historian in the Light of Research. One of the best things Robertson ever published. My copy sees frequent use.
Granville Sharp 3rd Ed. 1803 Remarks on the Use of the Definite Article in the Greek Text of the New Testament with Many Proofs of the Divinity of Our Lord. Rev. Christopher Wordsworth's Letters to Granville Sharp, ESQ. Respecting His Remarks on the Uses of the Definite Article in the Text of the Greek New Testament (1802).
Thomas Fanshaw Middleton (1828) The Doctrine of the Greek Article Applied to the Criticism and Illustration of the New Testament.
John Kennedy (1894) Must Greek Go? A learned and passionate plea for the study of the Greek language and culture.
Henry Grough (1855) The New Testament Quotations, Collated with the Scriptures of the Old Testament. This is a most helpful work including the Hebrew and Greek text with translations and notes.
Edward Miller (1865) Elementary Greek Syntax. An excellent review grammar with emphasis on English Grammar.
E. D. Mansfield (1880) A Primer of Greek Grammar: Syntax. Classical Greek. A very readable work.
Tholuck (1836) Commentary on the Gospel of John. Based on the Greek text.
F. Ritchie (1883) Practical Greek Method for Beginners. Download this book, print it off on your printer, study it. The next thing you know you will be reading Classical and Biblical Greek like a native. A masterpiece!
Greek Ollendorf Being Progressive Exhibition of the Principles of Greek Grammar Designed for Beginners of Greek (1883) by Asahel C. Kendrick. A masterpiece for those desiring to learn classical Greek.
Beginner's Greek (1906) by Allen Rogers Benner and Herbert Weir Smyth. Smith was one of the most noted Greek grammarians in his day.
AN APOLOGY FOR THE SEPTUAGINT, IN WHICH ITS CLAIMS TO BIBLICAL AND CANONICAL AUTHORITY ARE BRIEFLY STATED AND VINDICATED (1850), by E. W. Grinfield. In 1978 I read through the Greek Old Testament and New Testament for my daily devotions. My marked LXX is one of the most precious treasures in my Study. While Grinfield may have gone too far in his claims for the LXX, a reading of this book will fill your heart with a desire to use the LXX more in your Biblical study.
Greek: The Language of Christ and His Apostle (1888) by Alexander Roberts. An interesting book which, while perhaps not establishing that Christ and His Apostles spoke only Greek, certainly does motivate us to learn this language chosen by the Holy Spirit to communicate God's revelation to His Church.
The Parallel New Testament: Greek and English (1887) by Edwin Palmer. This has the 1611 KJV, 1881 RV, and the Greek Text followed by the Revision committee.
Novum Testamentum Graece (1901) by Eberhard Nestlé. This is the third edition. Students using the current Nestle text will recognize the familiar layout. The critical apparatus grew with the passing of time! As a companion, here is E. Nestlé's Introduction to the Textual Criticism of the Greek New Testament (1901).
A Greek and English Manual Lexicon to the New Testament, with examples of irregular and more difficult inflections by J. H. Bass (1860). Similar to Abbott-Smith’s Lexicon below, but lacking data from the papyri.
George Abbott-Smith (1921) A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament. I have used Abbott-Smith's lexicon extensively in my Biblical studies. He often gives the Hebrew of the corresponding LXX term and a list of inflected verbs, similar to Thayer and J. H. Bass.
Hermann Cremer Biblio-Theologial Lexicon of N. T. Greek. I traded a copy of Spurgeon On The Psalms to get my copy of Cremer. It is still a good introduction of the LXX usage of NT terms.
Η ΚΑΙΝΗ ΔΙΑΘΗΚΗ Griesbach's Text with critical apparatus and cross references. This will show you what a critical Greek New Testament looked like in 1859.
George Ricker Berry's 1901 The Classical Greek Dictionary in Two Parts: Greek-English and English-Greek. The great value of this dictionary lies in its English to Greek Dictionary that will assist students in their Greek composition.
Grove's A Greek and English Dictionary (1834). The author says that this dictionary includes not only Classical words, but the Septuagint and New Testament. Dictionaries covering the LXX are hard to come by.
K. Lake (1904) The Text of the New Testament. A very easy-to-read and interesting work.
Basil Gildersleeve's (1877) Apology of Justin Martyr: Intro., Greek text and Notes. I include this for those who might like to improve their Greek by reading some early Christian Greek literature outside the NT.
B. F. Westcott's The Epistle to the Hebrews: Greek Text and Notes. (1889, 3rd ed. 1903). Loaded with ideas for sermons - the outlines will "preach."
Boise's 1896 Notes Critical and Explanatory on the Greek Text of Paul's Epistles. Very helpful running commentary on the Greek text. You must have your own Greek text handy because these are just the notes. Good aid for rapid reading.
Myron Winslow Adams (1896) Paul's Vocabulary: St. Paul as a Former of New Words. A detailed study of Paul's Vocabulary.
St. Paul’s Epistle to the Romans: A New Translation with a Brief Analysis (1900) by. W. G. Rutherford. An interesting book by a Greek scholar.
Analytical Greek Lexicon (1870). This lexicon is indispensable to every student learning NT Greek. It lists all the forms of the Greek words in the NT and parses each word. Even the seasoned scholar will have cause to use it from time to time. Maurice A. Robinsons and Mark A. House have published 2012 Revision with updated definitions. [Here is the Autobiography of Samuel Davidson the original author.]
Hints for an Improved Translation of the New Testament (1832, 1857) by James Scholefield. A very helpful work.
Henry J. Cadbury (1920) The Style and Literary Method of Luke. A famous and frequently cited study.
Myron Winslow Adams (1895) St. Paul's Vocabulary and Paul as a Former of Words. A very complete and detailed study. Two thesis in one.
Gustaf Dalman (1902) The Words of Jesus Considered in the Light of Post-Biblical Jewish Writings.
E. D. Mansfield (1880) A Primer of Greek Grammar: Syntax. Dealing with classical Greek but an inviting sketch of the syntax.
Another classical Greek book that students of NT Greek can profit form is Agustus Jessopp's A Manual of the Greek Accidence (1865).
James Clyde (1855, 1865) Greek Syntax with a Rationale of the Constructions. Shades of A. T. Robertson's Historical Grammar! A very inviting treatment of Greek Syntax based on a thorough knowledge of comparative grammar (8 cases, etc.). Includes both Classical and New Testament. Fourth Edition. (1881)
Peter Bullion (1853) The Principles of Greek Grammar. Basically a classical grammar, but noted for its discussion of verb morphology classification.
Herman C. Hoskier (1890) A Full Account and Collation of the Greek Cursive Codex Evangelium 604. This will demonstrate the labor that goes into collating a manuscript. Whew! Here is Hoskier’s Codes B and Its Allies: A Study and an Indictment, Part I. Here is Part II. Garick V. Allen’s There Is No Glory and No Money in the Work” H. C. Hoskier and New Testament Textual Criticism.
Georg Curtis (German 1873/1876, English translation 1880) The Greek Verb: Its Structure and Development. Curtis was one of the first to discuss "verbal aspect." Stanley Porter, Buist Fanning, and Constantine R. Campbell, and others carry on the discussion today. What Curtis called "Zeitart" came to be called "Aktionsart."
A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT; DESIGNED FOR THOSE WHO HAVE NO KNOWLEDGE OF THE GREEK LANGUAGE, BUT DESIRE TO READ THE NEW TESTAMENT IN THE ORIGINAL (1900), published by Bagster. This precious little book applies to a very large population of Believers in any age. It is built around a study of the Sermon on the Mount. Excellent for anyone wanting to learn read their Greek New Testament or improve their reading skills.
Roberti Stephani (M.D.XLVI, 1546) Testamentum Novum. This is the original printing of this early edition of the Textus Receptus. The font is based on the flowing cursive of the minuscules.
A LEXICON OF THE NEW TESTAMENT GREEK IN WHICH THE GREEK NEW TESTAMENT MAY BE TRANSLATED INTO ENGLISH WITH DEMONSTRABLE ACCURACY BY THE SIMPLEST METHOD (1877). This is, without a doubt, one of the most helpful analytical lexicons ever published. Only 115 pages. Well worth printing and keeping near your Greek New Testament.
Edward Valpy Η ΚΑΙΝΗ ΔΙΑΘΗΚΗ (1836), Greek NT with extensive critical, philological, and explanatory notes. The original (1816) Latin edition of his New Testament, Novum Testamentum: cum scholiis theologicis et philologicis.
For those interested in old scholarly books here is a Catalogue of the Library of The Rev. Dr. Valpy, F.A.S (1832). I was interested in seeing that Ezra Abbott's signature is in the front of this book.
Frederick Henry A. Scrivener's of Stephanici's 1550 Greek New Testament with Eusebian Canons, excellent cross references, and brief textual apparatus. A very beautiful and serviceable text.
Novum Testamentum graece et latine (1893). You can brush up on your Latin with this Greek-Latin NT.
Weymouth (1892) The Resultant Greek New Testament. His modern speech translation, The NT in Modern Speech was based on this Greek text. The footnotes are most interesting because they reflect a Full Preterits' Perspective.
Samuel Sharp (1867, 2nd ed. ) Critical Notes on the Authorized English Version of the NT: Being a Companion to the Author's NT Translated from Griesbach's Text. Here is his (1840, 1862) The New Testament Translated from Griesbach's Text.
Expositors Greek Testament Vol. III, Second Corinthians through Colossians (1903). Representing the best in reverent Greek scholarship. I keep my volumes at arm's length.
E. D. Burton (1904) Notes on the Grammar of the NT. This is something of a supplement to his book on Mood and Tense. He includes some information from the newly discovered papyri.
D. F. Hudson's (1960) Teach Yourself NT Greek. This was my first grammar. It is an unaccented text, unfortunately.
A Brief Introduction to NT Greek (1894) by S. G. Green. An excellent primer, but not exactly brief! Here is a second source: A Brief Introduction.
F. H. A. Scrivener's (1887) Greek NT. Wonderful NT for study. Has full cross references and some textual critical information. A real Student's NT. I should like to see it republished.
Margaret E. Thrall's (1962) Greek Particles in the New Testament: Linguistics and Exegetical Studies. The most thorough study of Greek particles to date. Unfortunately it is no longer available for free from Archive.
Wescott & Hort's (1907) The NT in the Original Greek: Introduction, appendix. Important to study regardless or one's persuasion concerning the best family of manuscripts.
Cremer's Biblico-Theological Lexicon of NT Greek, with supplement (1895). This was once the standard for a theological study of NT Vocabulary. Strong on LXX and Hebrew background.
S. G. Green's Handbook to the Grammar of the Greek Testament together with a Complete Vocabulary, and an Examination of the Chief NT Synonyms. You can also download it at Handbook... This served many years as a basic introduction to NT Greek, still very valuable as a reference.
Salomon Caesar Malan (1869), A Plea for the Received Greek Text and for the Authorized Version of the NT. An interesting book for those interested in the history of the defense of the TR and AV.
George H. Meecham (1923) Light from Ancient Letters: Private Correspondence in the Non-Literary Papyri of Oxyrhynchus of the First Four Centuries and Its Bearing on New Testament Language and Thought. A truly delightful and informative book.
Edward Miller (1886) A Guide to the Textual Criticism of the New Testament. Miller was a student of John Burgon, the famous defender of the TR. John Burgon's (1896) Causes of the Corruption of the Traditional Text is an interesting discussion of textual critical matters. Also John Burgon's (1896) The Traditional Text of the Gospels Vindicated and Established. Important for his Seven Notes of Truth, which were employed recently by Robinson and Pierpont in establishing their Byzantine Textform. Burgon's (1871) The Last Twelve Verses of Mark's Gospel.
James Hope Moulton and George Milligan (1914) The Vocabulary of the Greek New Testament Illustrated from the Papyri and Other Non-Literary Sources. A very important study of NT in the light of Koiné documents.
Charles M. Moss (1887) A First Greek Reader with Notes and Vocabulary. This book is a little jewel of a reader for building reading ability. I have found it very helpful.
William Saunders (1909) Ancient Handwriting: An Introductory Manual for Intending Students of Paleography and Diplomatic. A brief introduction for students working with ancient manuscripts.
Henry Owen (1764) Observations on the Four Gospels Tending Chiefly to Ascertain the Times of their Publication; and To Illustrate the Form and Manner of their Composition. Griesbach followed Owen in proposing gospels were published in the following order: Matthew, Luke, Mark, John, with Luke using Matthew, and Mark using both Matthew and Luke. See David's Black's Why Four Gospels? Here is Griesbach's Synopsis. Here is Wright's Synopsis of the WH Text (1896).
T. A. Friedrichsen (1997) Beyond the Q Impasse - Luke's Use of Matthew. Argues for the priority of Matthew and Luke's use of Matthew.
William Ralph Inge (1910 ) Faith and Its Psychology. An in-depth study of the term Faith.
Earnest DeWitt Burton (1918) Spirit, Soul, and Flesh. A in-depth study of the Greek and Hebrew terms.
Earnest DeWitt Burton (1920) A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on The Epistle to the Galatians - International Critical Commentary. This book is noted for its in-depth study of key Greek words in the NT.
Earnest DeWitt Burton (1904) A Short Introduction to the Gospels. A scholarly, yet very readable introduction.
Joseph Agar Beet's 1900 A Commentary on St. Paul's Epistle to the Romans. Not a grammatical commentary on the Greek Text, but a contribution to theology that evidences good use of the Greek text.
Frederick Field 1899 Notes on the Translation of the New Testament. An old standard in the field, worth consulting today.
F. F. Bruce The Speeches in the Book of Acts (1942). In Retrospect: Remembrance of Things Past (1980), inspiring biography.
D. C. Clark (2008) Introduction to the New Testament Manuscripts and their Text.
A. C. Clark (1914) The Primitive Text of the Gospels. Clark tended to accept the longer readings.
For a compilation of Google Links similar this page: Free book in Biblical Studies and Related Fields by Bob Buller, Danny Zacharias, and Mark Vitalis Hoffmam.
Outline of Linguistic Analysis by Bernard Bloch and George L. Trager. Not a Greek book, but an excellent introduction to structural linguistics, that I have found most helpful.
Sarah C. Guduschinsky's How to Learn an Unwritten Langauge (1967) remains an excellent self-help introduction to modern linguistics. For an earlier book covering much the same ground, see The Principles of Language Study (1921) by Harold Palmer. Gouin wrote a useful book on learning foreign languages: The Art of Teaching and Learning Languages.
Ancient Greek Speaks to Us: A New Humanistic Approach to Classical Greek and Greek Culture for Secondary Schools. Students' Programmed Text - Level Alpha. (1971) by Rukdolph Masciantonio.
Wallace Nelson Stern (1914) A Greek Primer.
Greek Lessons (1886) by Robert Porter Keep. This book is designed as a study guide to the Hadley-Allen Greek Reference Grammar. It is not specifically designed for NT Greek, but it does contain examples from the Greek New Testament.
Lessons in Greek Parsing; or, Outlines of the Greek Grammar (1835) by Chauncey A. Goodrich, Professor of Rhetoric and Oratory in Yale College. A very valuable tool for gaining an intuitive grasp of Greek grammar. Highly recommend.
Biblical Hermeneutics (1883) by M. S. Terry. A comprehensive text. I recall first seeing years ago it at Grace Theological Library in Warsaw, Indiana. I was surprised to discover that he took a preterits view of NT prophecy. Here is his later volume on Biblical Apocalyptics. For those who would like to pursue Terry further, here is his Biblical Dogmatics.
Kenneth L. Gentry, Jr. Before Jerusalem Fell: Dating the Book of Revelation. (1989). A thorough study of the date of Revelation, arguing for a Pre-A.D. 70 Composition.
An Approach to the Greek Reading Problem Based on Structural Statistics (1959) by Henry R. Moeller, Th. D. This is a very useful study for anyone teaching students to read their Greek New Testament.
Speaking Ancient Greek. This is a YouTube of a gentleman speaking ancient Greek. I was happy that I can understand a lot of it. Check out his other videos on how to speak Greek and Latin.
You can hear Restored Classical Greek with pitch accent: Society for Oral Reading of Greek & Latin. While I do not personally use pitch accent for my regular reading I did find Dietz recordings helpful in my early studies.
Gary G. Choen and C. Normal Sellers (1984) THE CASE FOR MODERN PRONUNCIATION OF BIBLICAL LANGUAGES. Although I recommend and practice a Classical pronunciation (Erasmus), here are some reasons you might like to try Modern.
Joseph Wright Comparative Grammar of the Greek Language (1912). A Standard, scholarly work.
John Stuart Blackie (1871) Greek and English Dialogues, for Use in Schools. Students seeking the ability to learn ancient Greek as a living language will find this a most helpful book. I have found it both helpful and downright enjoyable. The same author's Greek Primer: Colloquial and Constructive is a gold mine for conversational practice.
To go with Blackie, you will want to have a English to Greek Dictionary. Here are some that are available: An English-Greek Lexicon (1849) by C. D. Yonge. S. C. Woodhouse (1910) published a English-Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Dialect. He also wrote a general book on accents, including Greek, On the Place and Power of Accent in Language.
Maurice Bloomfield (1883) Historical and Critical Remarks Introductory to a Comparative Study of Greek Accent. I pronounce Classical and Koine Greek with stress accent upon the syllable with the written accent. Concerning accents, here is William Henry Chandler (1867) Elements of Greek Accentuation. Here is Chandler (1862) Practical Guide to Greek Accentuation.
J. B. Lightfoot The Apostolic Fathers (1898). It is good practice to read unfamiliar Koine Greek text.
Crawford Howard Toy (1884) Quotations in the New Testament. A thorough and scholarly work, including Hebrew, but NT & LXX are in English.
Francis Whaley Harper (1841) The Powers of the Greek Tenses and Other Papers. I first learned of this book while reading F. W. Farrar's Brief Greek Syntax. It is very interesting, especially in the light of today's discussion of the significance of the Greek tenses. It contains a discussion of Greek accents and information on particles.
Albert Deissmann (1912) St. Paul in the Light of Social and Religious History. A major study of the life of the Apostle Paul.
Benjamin Fosdick Harding (1886) Greek Inflection; or, Object Lessons in Greek Philology. Written in the light of comparative philology, a very helpful work for those with the time and inclination to master it.
Emily Dutton (1916) Studies in Greek Prepositional Phrases: διά, ἀπό, ἐκ, εἰς, ἐν. This study includes Homeric, Classical, and later Greek.
Andrew F. West (1917) Value of the Classics. A delightful defense of a Classical education, with statements from leaders in science, industry, politics, education, religion, etc.
Robert E. Picirilli (2005) "The Meaning of Tenses in New Testament Greek: Where Are We?” Andrew Nashelli wrote "A Brief Introduction to Verbal Aspect in NT Greek" (2007). Kimmo Huovila's (1999) thesis, Toward a Theory of Aspectual Nesting for New Testament Greek summarizes the issues.
A. T. Robertson (1925) Introduction to the Textual Criticism of the New Testament. Written after many years of teaching the subjects.
Archibald Bryce (1872) First Greek Reader for Use of Schools. This is one of my favorite books for reading Greek and practicing translating from English to Greek. It includes the grammar in a very user-friendly manner. Note that at the vocabulary for each lesson in near the back of the book. I run off the vocabulary to have as a separate sheet. I read the book from in iBook on my iPad.
Crosby & Schaeffer (1923) Teacher’s Manual for An Introduction to Greek. I began my study of Greek with Crosby and Shaeffer's Introduction to Greek. It is still an excellent grammar for learning classical Greek. The Teacher’s Manual has the answers to the English to Greek exercises. Dover has Republished Introduction to Greek.
Clarence W. Gleason (1903) A Greek Primer. This is said to be the best Greek primer for the study of Classical Greek syntax. Almost every word in the vocabularies will be found in the New Testament. He also wrote a First Greek Book (1895), a beautiful work. Note Gleason's use of "model sentences." The latter book starts with a powerful defense for teaching Greek.
Maurice Blame and Gilbert Lawall (2002) Athenaze: An Introduction to Ancient Greek. Perhaps the most fun way to learn Ancient Greek by reading cool stories. We are blessed with a plethora of auxiliary aids for studying Athenaze: Audio from Cornell College. Athenaze Greek Exercises. Athenaze: Quizzes and Practice Exercises. Athenaze: Tabney exercises. Institute of Biblical Greek: Athenize Lectures.
W. H. D. Rouse (1916) A First Greek Course. If I may say so, this is a really FUN book. It was an early experiment in teaching Ancient Greek with conversational methods. I love reading it from my iPad. There is a revised edition by Anne Mahoney.
Notes on the Greek Text of John's gospel by Gary Pence. Here is the Syllabus for his NT Greek Course.
Clue; A Guide Through Greek to Hebrew Scripture (1900) Edwin Abbott. A scholarly, important, and readable study of the Hebrew background of the LXX and Christian Scriptures. A contribution to the Synoptic Problem. I seriously doubt his conclusions. In 1901, he published a followup, The Corrections of Mark Adopted by Matthew and Luke. Abbot believed in the priority of Mark and that it was a translation from Hebrew (with some mistranslations).
Rodney J. Decker (2011) "400 Years of the King James Version." I grew on the KJV and have used is for much of my ministry, and all my memory work. I don't worship it, but I confess to loving its language and message.
Rodney A. Whitacre (2011) Basic Hellenistic Greek Morphology. Nice summary, but I wish scholars would factor in the variations in accents. W. H. Davis and Ray Summers were two of few that did.
Dave Mathewson (2006) Rethinking Greek Verb Tenses in Light of Verbal Aspect: How Much Do Our Modern Labels Really Help us? An interesting discussion for anyone who wants to understand the basics of the modern discussion of the Greek tenses and aspect theory.
T. S. Green A Treatise on The Grammar of the New Testament; Embracing Observations on the Literal Interpretation of Numerous Passages. (1876?) This book is very readable and helpful. Green also wrote, “A Course of Developed Criticism on Passages of the NT Materially Affected by Various Readings (1856)
James Turney Allen (1917) The First Year of Greek. A most interesting work for advancing one's knowledge of Greek. Designed for beginners, but I would recommend it for more advance students who want to further their knowledge of Ancient Greek. I find it very enjoyable reading.
Henry Melvill Gawatkin (1893) Selections from Early Writers: Illustrative of Church History to the Time of Constantine. Parallel Greek/Latin original text and English translation.
Blair A. Yager (1994) An Outcomes Assessment: The Use of Greek in Ministry. A valuable study that would be of help in developing a college level New Testament Greek program.
Ivory Franklin Frisbee (1898) The Beginners Greek Book. A very usable beginning grammar of Classical Greek, not NT Greek. This would be a great book for classical home school parents.
John Day Collis (1874) A Stepping-Stone From the Beginning of Greek Grammar to Xenophon. Includes reading selections from the Greek OT and LXX as well as classical literature. His Chief Rules of Greek Accentuation is is very helpful.
D. K. Sandford, 1830 The Greek Grammar of Frederick Thiersch. In spite of its age, a fascinating grammar with interesting information I have not found anywhere else.
Rev. Henry Laing (1821) A New Greek English Lexicon to the New Testament. In this work the quantity of all the doubtful vowels are carefully marked. This lexicon is remarkably valuable in spite of its age because it is one of the very few NT Lexicons that indicates whether the vowels are long or short. T. S. Greens’ Lexicon by Bagster is one of the few that do.
Chancey A. Goodrich (1835) Lessons in Greek Parsing. A very useful and helpful book.
Burton and Goodspeed (1920) A Harmony of the Synoptic Gospels in Greek. I have a beautiful hardback copy of this harmony. It is good for historical study. I have used it extensively over the years.
A First Greek Reader (1883) by William George Rushbrooke. This delightful book is organized by grammatical categories with simple sentences for practice reading. Recognizes the original 8 cases.
The Synoptic Gospels in the Ancient Church: The Testimony to the Priority of Matthew’ Gospel (1999) by F. David Farnell, Ph.D.
Alexander Lorne Damm, “Ancient Rhetoric and the Synoptic Problem. This 2010 PhD thesis is now available in book form: Ancient Rhetoric and the Synoptic Problem: Clarifying Markan Priority (2013). He argues for Markan Priority.
The Criticism of the Fourth Gospel (1904) William Sanday.
The Appearances of our Lord After the Passion (1908, by Henry Barclay Swete.
Skeptical Trends in New Testament Textual Criticism: Inside the Alexandrian Priority School and Why Bible Change Is Coming (no date) by Dennis Kenaga. This is a truly fascinating study of the assumptions and procedures behind the development of the modern critical texts, while not exactly maintaining Byzantine priority, it deals a serious blow to the Alexandria Priority Hegemony.
Not dealing with Greek, but Charles Hockett's 1958 A Course in Modern Linguistics is a good introduction to structural linguistics.
Introduction to Descriptive Linguistics (1955) by H. A. Gleason. I cut my linguistic teeth on this great book.
The Letter to the Ephesians: This is a blog with an enormous amount of information on Ephesians. It is by James Gregory.
Articles by J. Harold Greenlee (1918 - 2015): Mostly on Greek grammar & vocabulary.
Some Principles of Literary Criticism and Their Application to the Synoptic Problem (1904) Ernest Dewitt Burton.
ICC Commentary on Matthew (1907) by W. C. Allen. A scholarly commentary still worth consulting, but requiring a knowledge of Greek for best use.
Commentary on the Gospel of Matthew by A. T. Robertson. This is a fine commentary on the English text.
The Synoptic Problem (1912) by Doremus Almy Hayes. A very readable introduction too the Synoptic Problem. The Synoptic Gospels and the Book of Acts (1919) an excellent book including an interesting introduction to the Synoptic Problem.
The Synoptic Problem: A Way Through the Maze (2001) by Mark Goodacre. A readable and stimulating study.
An Inquiry into the Character and Authorship of the Fourth Gospel (1903) by James Drummond. A very through study defending the Apostle John as the author. Drummond was a Unitarian.
The First Three Gospels: Their Origin and Relationship (1890) J. Estlin Carpenter. A detailed and interesting presentation of the state of Synoptic Criticism in 1890.
Christianity According to S. Luke (1919) by Spencer Cecil Carpenter.
The Witness of St. John to Christ, with an Appendix on the Authorship and Integrity of St. John’s Gospel and the Unity of the Johannine Writings (1870). I learned about this book from Lydia McGrew.
S. P. Tregelles (1870) The Greek New Testament. It is interesting that Tyndale House is publishing a new Greek Testament based on this text!
A Practical Guide to the Greek NT. (1900) Based on the Greek test of the Sermon on the Mount.
Historic editions of the Greek New Testament online.
An Introduction to the New Testament by Marcus Dods (1890)
Style and Genre of Ephesians by O M T O’Donavan (n.d.). A delightfully suggestive essay.
History of NT Criticism (1910) by F. C. Conybeare. Important from an historical perspective but liberal to the core - so be careful. Selections from the Septuagint (1905) by Conybeare and Stock. Includes a Grammar of the LXX. A standard work still in print.
Robinson-Pierpoint 2017 Greek New Testament in Majuscule. This is good for practicing reading the Greek New Testament in Capital Letters as preparation for reading the majuscule manuscripts.
L. W. Hurtado (2011) The King James Bible and Biblical Scholarship. This was presented at at celebration lecture on the 400th Anniversary of the KJV Bible. By the way, I celebrated by reading the Norton Cambridge Paragraph KJV Bible through.
James J. L. Ratton (1915) The Apocalypse of St. John: A Commentary on the Greek Text. This scholarly commentary is based on the pre-AD70 theory. Very interesting.
J. H. Moulton (Expositor July 1911) “The Gospel According to Paul.” Moulton argues that Paul knew Jesus during Jesus’ ministry. [Expositor, Series 8, Vol 1-8, 1911=1914] Stanley E. Porter makes a similar argument in When Paul Met Jesus: How an Idea Got Lost in History (2016).
Biblical Studies Org.UK. Many theological articles.
Maurice A. Robinson (2001) New Testament Textual Criticism: The Case for Byzantine Priority. This is Robinson’s important defense of the priority of the Byzantine (Majority) text.
Richard R. Ottley (1919) A Handbook to the Septuagint. A readable and interesting introduction. Here is Ottley’s translation of Isaiah from the LXX and Hebrew for comparison, extremely interesting (1904).
Spanish translation of Athenaze.
D. A. Hayes (919) The Synoptic Gospels and the Books of Acts. A very attractive book. Also John and His Writings (1917)
Henry Karg (1955) A Study of the Significant of Certain Recently Discovered Greek Manuscripts with Reference to New Testament Translation.
Peter J. Gurry (2016) How Your GNT is Changing: A Simple Introduction to the Coherence-Based Genealogical Method. A helpful introduction to a complicated method. Curiously it has lead to a higher estimation of Byzantine (Majority) readings. Here is Dr. Gurry explaining the Choerence-Based Genealogical Method.
Alan Bunning (2020) KJV Textus Receptus Greek New Testament. A recent attempt to reverse Engineer the original TR used by the KJV Translations, showing how difficult if not impossible the task is.
Greek Lessons: Showing How Useful and How Easy it is for Everyone to Learn Greek (1875) by W. H. Henry. A very fine classical grammar that features NT Greek. LibraVox Lessons 1 - 10.
C. H. Waller (1877) A Practical Grammar and Analytical Vocabulary of the Words in the Greek New Testament in Two Parts:
Part 1: A Grammar of NT Greek; Part 2: Analytical Vocabulary. This is unique and very valuable work. All students of NT Greek would profit from these two books.
Casper Rene Gregory (1907) Canon and Text of the New Testament.
The Accommodations of Joseph and Mary in Bethlehem: Κατάλυμα in Luke 2:7 (2010) by Stephen C. Carlson
The Twelve Apostles (Didache in Greek.) Good for reading practice.
Burgess & Bonner (1907) Elementary Greek: An Introduction to the Study of Attic Greek. This is an excellent primer of Classical Greek, well organized and beautifully illustrated.
The Teaching of the Twelve Apostles (ΔΙΔΑΧΗ ΤΩΝ ΔΩΔΕΚΑ ΑΠΟΣΤΓΟΛΩΝ): A Greek Reader with Introduction and Notes by Cecelia Eaton Luschnig and Lance J. Luschnig.
Practical Linguistics (1948) by Dean Pittman. An excellent introduction to practical phonetics, phonemics, and grammar. Designed to train missionaries.
Here William Smalley’s Manual of Articulatory Phonetics. I studied linguistics with this book in 1974! Here is the audio that accompanied the program: MOPA Audio. Here is a Summer Institute of Linguistics Phonetics Made Easy: A Manual.
Wilfred E. Major, “It’s Not the Size, It’s the Frequency: The Value of Using a Core Vocabulary in Beginning and Intermediate Greek (2008). An encouraging article demonstration that a core vocabulary of 80% in Greek is much smaller than English, Latin, and most other languages.
How to Learn Another Language. (2002)
The Study of Language, 4th ed., 2010 by George Yule. An attractive, up-to-date introduction.
The Grammar of Dionysios Thrax (18 translation) by Thomas Davidson. Here is the Greek Text.
You can improve your Greek by reading Euclid’s Geometry in Greek.
Greek English Dictionary of the Septuagint and New Testament (1855), an old but valuable work.
Vocabulary in LXX of Isaiah in order of frequency.
Max Zerwick The Epistle to the Ephesians (1963, 1969) He also wrote Biblical Illustrated by Examples (1963). I have used this Greek Grammar constantly since June 27, 1972.
Short Notes on the Greek Text of Acts (1879) by J. Hamblin Smith. Very helpful notes on the Greek text of Acts.
The Acts of the Apostles; with Notes, Original and Selected: For the Use of Students in the University (1839) Hastings Robinson. A commentary on the Greek text of Acts. Many references to classical usage.
Acts of Apostles: Translated from the Greek on the Basis of the Common English Version. (1858) KJV, Greek, and Revised Version in columns with notes on the Greek text.
Library of New Testament Textual Criticism. A first class resource.
Skeptical Trends in NT Textual Criticism: Inside the Alexandrian Priority School and Why Bible Change is Coming (no date) by Dennis Kenga. A good even handed survey tending word Byzantine Priority.
Greek: A History of Language and Its Speakers (2010) by Geoffrey Horrocks. Includes discussion of Koine.A H
A History of the Greek Language: From Its origins to the present (2005) by Francisco Rodriguez Adrados. Similar to Horrocks’ book above, but less detailed. This work is in English.
How to Learn a Foreign Language: Phonetic Method (1916) by Thomas F. Cummings. An old but excellent book designed to teach missionaries. Kenneth Pike consulted him when studying Mexican Indian Languages.
Field Linguistics: A Guide to Linguistic Field Work by (1967) by William J. Smarin.
A Greek Boy at Home: A Story Written in Greek (1909) W. H. D. Rouse. Vocabulary for a Greek Boy At Home. Good from improving one’s overall ability to reading Greek with an attractive story.
Greek & Latin Text with Facing Vocabulary & Commentary by Geoffrey Steadman. Excellent free textbooks.
Biblical Performance Criticism. Orality, Rhetoric, Memory, Delivery, Translation, Drama. Over the years, I have come to increasingly appreciate the oral performance of Scripture English, Spanish, and Greek.
David Robert Palmer’s Greek Text of Mark with New Translation. (2019)
A Deep-Language Mathematical Analysis of the Gospels (2019) by E. Magtricciani. A fresh approach with some interesting results.
The Origin of the Gospels (1922) by W. Lockton arguing for the priority of Luke.
Stanley Porter, “The Usage-Based Approach to Teaching NT Greek.”
The Middle Voice in the New Testament (May 1983) George J. Cline.
Ancient Greek Speaks to Us: Level A: A New Humanistic Approach to Classical Greek and Greek Culture for Secondary Schools (1969). This is a very practical approach. Here is Ancient Greeks Speak to Us: Level B.
Becoming Bilingual: a guide to language learning. (1969). I studied the later, 1972 edition in Mission Linguistics. Manual of Articulatory Phonetics (1963) was the companion volume we used.
Basic Language Learning Principles. Good basic information. Similar to a Becoming Bilingual above.
Reading Greek. Text and Vocabulary (2007)
Nigel Turner, Christian Words (1980) A scholarly reference work on NT Greek vocabulary.
A Student’s Guide to NT Textual Criticism (1985) by J. Harold Greenlee. A brief introduction.
David Holly’s A Complete Categorized Greek-English Vocabulary (1978).
“Greek Vocabulary Acquisition Using Semantic Domains” (2003) by Mark Wilson.
Biblical Greek: Beginning the Adventure (2014, 2019)by Nathan E. Purtzer. Here is a Spanish Translation.
A Greek-English Lexicon of the Septuagint (2009) by T. Muraoka.
The LXX Greek and English (1844) Lancelotg Chares Lee Benton, Sir.
Ancient Greek: A Structural Program (1973) by C. D. Ellis, A. Schachter, and J. G. Griffith. I saw this in the Ohio State University Library some time in the 1980s. It is a true audio lingual method similar to the MLA Modern Spanish that I used to teach myself Spanish. Here is the Audio for the program.
Eric G. Jay (1958) NT Greek: An Introductory Grammar. This British grammar is far more complete than most introductory grammars. It would be perfect for in-depth review. It prepares the student to read the Gospel of Mark. There are extensive English to Greek Exercises.
H. E. Dana (1924) New Testament Criticism: A Brief Survey of the Nature and Necessity, History, Sources and Results of NT Criticism. An excellent introduction to the whole field.
William D. Mounce: Basics of Biblical Greek: Grammar (1993). Probably the most popular NT Greek Grammar today.
Stanley E. Porter (2015) Constantine Tischendorf: The Life and Work of a 19th Century Bible Hunter. Also see Porter’s Fundamentals of of NT Textual Criticism.
Margaret Thrall (1962) Greek Particles in the New Testament. Standard work on the subject.
Gignac (1975) A Grammar of the Greek Papyri of the Roman and Byzantine Periods: Vol. 1. Phonology; Vol. 2: Morphology.
Daryl Dean Schmidt (1981) Hellenistic Greek Grammar and Norman Chomsky: Nominalizing Transformations. Advanced but interesting work.
C. F. D. Moule (1960) An Idiom Book of NT Greek. A frequently cited reference work.
Alfred Marshall (1962) New Testament Greek Primer. Very unique and helpful in its presentation of the Greek verb.
William Chamberlain (1979) An Exegetical Grammar of the Greek NT. An intermediate grammar in the tradition of A. T. Robertson.
A. NM. Sherwin-White (1963) Roman Society and Roman Law in the New Testament. A major source book.
Michael Palmer (1994) Levels of Constituent Structure in NT Greek. A valuable based on modern linguistic theory.
J. Harold Greenlee (1983) A NT Greek Morpheme Lexicon. A standard work.
David Abercrombie (1967) Elements of General Phonetics. I have made great use of this book over the years.
Codex Alexandrinus. Codex Alexandrinus.
David E. Aune (1987) The NT in Its Literary Environment.
L. William Countryman (1993) THE NT IS IN GREEK: A Short Course for Exegesis.
John Wentworth Sanborn (1883) A Method of Teaching the Geek Language Tabulated. Excellent tabulation and good advice on sight reading Ancient Greek.
Edgar J. Goodspeed (1937) New Chapters in New Testament Study.
Richard Waugh (1953) The Preacher and Greek Testament.
Marcus Barth (1959) The Broken Wall: A study of the Epistle to the Ephesians. No study of Ephesians would be complete without reference to this insightful book. Here is the same book from the library of my beloved professor George Mark Elliott.
Thorsten Moritz (1996) A Profound Mystery: The Use of the OT in Ephesians. A technical study of Ephesians.
Ray Summers (1960) Ephesians: Pattern for Christian Living.
Clinton D. Morrison (1960) The Powers that Be: Earthly Rules and Demonic Powers in Romans 23:17.
Arthur Wright (1890) The Composition of the Four Gospels: a critical inquiry. An interesting defense of the oral source theory. He wrote two other books worth consulting.
Gary R. Habermas (1984) Ancient Evidence for the Life of Jesus: Historical Records of His Death and Resurrection. A thoroughly convincing defense of the physical resurrection of our Lord.
Greek Lessons: Showing How Useful and How Easy It is for Every One to Learn Greek (1874) by W. H. Morris. A Book that lives up to its title. Here is A Key to Greek Lessons.
Jesus Tradition in the Apostolic Fathers: Their Explicit Appeals to the Word of a Jesus in the Light of Orality Studies 2011) by Stephen E. Young. Highly technical but rewarding for those with the background to read it.
The Christology of the Apostolic Fathers (11012) by Alonzo Roescrans Stark. A delightful study of an important subject.
The NT in the Apostolic Fathers (1905) by the Committee of the Oxford Society of Historical Theology. A technical study requiring knowledge of Greek.
The Apostolic Fathers: Greek Text with English Translation, Vol I: (1912) I Clement, II Cement, Ignatius, Polycarp, Didache, Barnabas. The Apostolic Fathers Vol II: (1912) The Shepherd of Hermas, The Martyrdom of Polycarp, The Epistle to Dognetus.
Fundamentals of NT Textual Criticism (2015) by Stanley E. Porter & Andrew W. Pitts.
Christian Words (1980) Nigel Turner. A scholarly study of the vocabulary of the NT. Turner’s Grammatical Insights into the New Testament (1965) is a very valuable book.
The Sound of Greek: Studies in the Greek Theory and Practice of Euphony (1967) by W. B. Stanford. Argues for pitch accent for Classical Greek.
Teresa Morgan (1998) Literate Education in the Hellenistic and Roman World. This book gives penetrating insights into the kind of education for literacy the writers of the NT would have experienced.
*** Many commentaries are available at ZLibrary.
A Greek Papyrus Reader with Vocabulary (1935) Edited by Goodspeed and Colwell. Papyrological Primer by M. David and B. A. van Groningen (1952) is delightful and helpful. Greek Papyri: An Introduction by E. G. Turner (1968) another excellent introduction. The New Papyrological Primer (1994) by P. W. Pestman.
Teach Yourself Books: Greek. (1947) by F. Kinchin Smith & T. w. Melluish. Here is 1969 edition. Delightful book with a wide variety of Greek to read and an answer key.
John A. Battle (nd) Notes on Greek Syntax. Very helpful and readable. No date, but references are to recent grammars.
Commentaries by Gordon Clark: 1 John, I Corinthians. God’s Hammer: The Bible and Its Critics. A History of Philosophy: Thales to Dewey
Morrisons and Barnes (1966) New Testament Word Lists. I got this in 1973 and have found it very useful. The modern books that have taken its place are bulky and hard to carry about compared to this slim paperback. I wish it were still in print. The Gospels are organize by the Huck Synoptic rather than by individual book. Morrison also wrote (1960) The Powers that Be: Earthly Rulers and Demonic Powers in Romans 13:1-7.
“Greek Vocabulary Acquisition Using Semantic Domains” by Mark Wilson (2003 JETS article)
R. Paul Caudill, Ephesians: A Translation with Notes (1979)
Frank Thielman, Ephesians in the Baker Exegetical Commentary on the NT. An advanced commentary.
Ronald Nash (1992, 2003) The Gospel and the Greeks: Did the NT Borrow for Pagan Thought? An important book by a leading conservative Christian Philosopher.
Ancient Greek Alive by Paula Saffire and Catherine Freis (1999). I plan to work through the beginning text in 2023 to gain a better grasp of Greek outside Biblical Greek. It is something of a conversational approach. Here is the Amazon Link: Ancient Greek Alive. The publishing date for the Kindle editions is Dec. 10, 2017.
The Making of Mark (1989) by Harold Riley. Detailed defense that Mark’s Gospel was written last and depended both Matthew and Luke for is composition.
The Synoptic Problem: A Critical Analysis (1976) by Farmer Excellent historical information on the Synoptic Problem. A defense of the Griesbach theory that Luke followed Matthew and Mark use both Matthew and Luke in writing his Gospel. The Revival of the Griesbach Hypothesis: An analysis and appraisal (1983) by C. M. Tucket, critical of the Grieshback Hypothesis. [I note that the book was in the Cincinnati Bible Seminary, where I graduated in 1970.] A readable and solid defense of the Grieshback Hypothesis is History and Criticism of the Marcan Hypothesis (1977) by Hans-Herbert Stolit, Intro. by William R Farmer.
Rethinking the Synoptic Problem (2001) a convenient summary of various views by leading scholars.
The Synoptic Problem: Four Views (2013) Ed. Stanley E. Porter and Bryan R. Dyer. Contributors: Craig Evans, Mark Goodacre, David B. Peabody, Rainer Riesner.
Rethinking the Gospel Sources, Vol. 2: The Unity and Plurality of Q (2009) by Delbert Royce Burkett. A detailed defense of Q, viewing Matthew and Luke as compilers rather than composers. In particular criticizing Mark Goodacre’s Markian Priority theory that Luke used Matthew, and that there is no Q. He also wrote a collage level, An introduction to the New Testament and Origins of Christianity (2002)
Is There a Synoptic Problem: Rethinking the Literary Dependence of the Three Gospels (1992) Eta Linemann. Biblical Criticism on Trial: How Scientific is Scientific Theology?” Historical Criticism of the Bible: Methodology or Ideology? (1990) Here is Robert W. Yarbrough chapter, “Eta Linnemann Friend or Foe of Scholarship" (1997)
Studies in the Synoptic Problem: By Members of the University of Oxford (1911), Ed. William Sanday. A justly famous study. State of the art at that time. Here is Edgar Goodspeed’s review in The American Journal of Theology (1913)
Books by Ward B. Powers: The Ministry of Women in the Church Which Way Forward? (1996). Marriage and Divorce: The NT Teaching ((1987); Learn to Read the Greek New Testament (1983).
The Historical Reliability of the Gospels (1987) Craig Blomberg. Very scholarly and up-do-date. Jesus and the Gospels (1997) is a great introduction to the Gospels.
Christ and the Bible (1993) by John W. Wenham. Christ’s view of the Bible and its implications for Christians. Wenham also wrote The Enigma of Evil: Can We Believe in the Goodness of God? (1985). The Easter Enigma: Are the Resurrection Accounts in Conflict? (1984, 1992, 1996).
Ancient Greek I: A 21st Century Approach (2021) by Phillip S. Peek. This is a modern approach to Classical Greek.
The “Q” Myth in Synoptic Studies by Louis A. Foster, Ph..D. I had one undergraduate study with Dr. Foster in Bible Survey and one graduate course in The History of Biblical Interpretation, interestingly his father, Professor R. C. Foster (about 84 years old) attended the graduate class. Here is The “Q” Myth in Synoptic Studies” in a different format.
The Evangelicals and the Synoptic Problem (2014) by Michael Strickland. A fascinating study if the SP among Evangelicals showing that it is nothing new. See also The Jesus Crisis: The Inroads of Historical Criticism into Evangelical Scholarship (1998) by Robert L. Thomas and F. David Farnell.
A Greek Papyrus Reader w/Vocabulary (1935) Edgar J. Goodspeed & Ernestg Cadman Colwell.
Literary Forms in the New Testament: A Handbook (1922) by James L. Bailey. A very interesting book.
Representatives of Roman Rule: Roman Governors in Luke-Acts (2012) by Joshua P. Yoder. A delightful study of the way Roman authorities viewed Christianity as legal.
Memory, Jesus, and the Synoptic Gospels (2011) by Robert K. McIver. Interesting on several counts, including recent research into the psychology of memory.
"So it can be concluded that, like most products of human memory and despite all the frailties of such memory, the Gospels should be considered to be generally reliable. If the evidence presented thus far may be relied on, then - at least for the apophthegmata, the parables, and the aphorisms - the burden of proof should lie with those who wish to claim that a saying found in the Gospels is not from Jesus or that an incident reported about him did not happen, not with those who assume its authenticity. Human memory is a remarkable facility, and the traditions found in the Synoptic Gospels may be considered to be a product of its effectiveness (187).
G. Abbott-Smith (1922) A Manual Greek Lexicon of the NT. This is a very clear pdf. I have used this for close to 50 years.
Thomas Rogers (1968) A Practical List of Greek Word Roots with Greek and English Derivatives. Here is a not-so-friendly review by E. V. N Goetchius.
“The Human One? A Controversial CEBG Translation Choice" (2016) by Cynthia Long Westfall. An interesting study of the translation policy of the Common English Bible.
The Language of the New Testament: Context, History, ad Development (2013) Ed. Stanley E. Porter & Andrew W. Pitts. Roman Imperial Rule under the Authority of Jupiter-Zeus: Political-Religious Contexts and the Interpretation of "Rule of the Authority of the Air in Ephesians 2:2.”
The Glory of God in the Christian Calling: A Study of the Ephesian Epistle (1949) by William Owen Carver. I bought this book in 1997, but made little headway because of the heavy style. After memorizing most of the book over the years I discovered on 11/24/2023 that it contains penetrating insights into Paul’s thought.
Acts: A Handbook on the Greek Text (2000) Baylor Handbook by Mikel C. Parsons and Marti M. Culy.
Images of Illness in the Gospel of Luke: Insight of Ancient Medical Text (2003) Annette Weissenrieder.
Expository Teaching and Preaching: Hebrews (1983) by Owen L. Crouch
C. K. Barrett (1957) Biblical Preaching and Biblical Scholarship. A short 28 page read that will invigorate any preacher’s preaching
I. B. Grubb (1913) New Commentary on Romans. Follows a detailed outline.
• El Griego Del Nuevo Testamento
• Ephesians Greek Memory Challenge
• Gramática Elemental del Griego del Nuevo Testamento
• El Griego Del Nuevo Testamento
Special Section on Homeric Greek
Loeb Classic Library: Iliad & Odyssey Greek Text with English translation by A. T. Murray.
Homeric Vocabulary: Greek and English Word-Lists for the Study of Homer (1906, 1909) by William Bishop Owen & Edgar Johnson Goodspeed.
Homer: An Introduction to the Iliad and the Odyssey (1905) by R. C. Jebb.
The Iliad of Homer with an Interlinear Translation for the Use of Schools and Private Learners on the Hamiltonian System (1886) by Thomas Clark. One of the best books ever written for learning to read the Greek text of Homer.
Literal Translation of the First 13 Books of the Odyssey (1986) by Edward Brooks, Jr.
Handbook of Homeric Studies (1905) by Henry Browne, S. J.
Pictorial Atlas to Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey (1892) by Richard Engelman.
Homer by (1886) W. E. Gladstone. A Popularly written work. Also An Inquiry into the Time and Place of Homer (1876).
The Adventures of Odysseus and the Tales of Troy (1920) by Willy Pogany. A modern retelling.
Introduction to the Language and Verse of Homer (1895) by Thomas D Seymore.
Selections from Homer’s Iliad with an Introduction, Notes, a Short Homeric Grammar, and a Vocabulary (1908) by Allen Rogers Brenner.
Homeric Grammar for Upper Forms of Schools (1890) by F. E. Thomson. An excellent work for those who know some Greek. He also wrote an Elementary Greek Syntax (1895) that I have found very helpful.
Homeric Grammar by D N. Monro (1891). A very thorough, advanced reference grammar.
Homer: Iliad, Books 1-12 (1884) Intro, Brief Homeric Grammar, & Notes to Greek text. by D. B. Monro. Iliad, Books 13-14 (1897) by Monroe.
Homer’ Odyssey Vol. 1, Books 1-12 (1885) by Merry & Riddle. A superb Greek text with extensive notes at a the bottom of the page.
Robert Fagles’ translations of Homer are considered modern poetic masterpieces. The Iliad, The Odyssey This is the translation I chose when I read both books in 2018.
Rodney Merrill: English Translations of Homeric Epic in Dactylic Hexameters. (2014)
Homer and the Monuments (1950) by H. L. Lormier. An amazing amount of readable background information.
Selections from Homer’s Iliad with an Introduction, Notes A short Homeric Grammar, and a Vocabulary (1908) by Allen Rogers Benner.
The Odyssey of Homer: construed literally, and word for word: by Rev. Dr. Giles (1830). Helpful for beginners.
Vol. 1: Books 1-6 Vol. 2: Books 7-12 Vol. 3: Books 13-18 Vol. 4:Books 19-34
Homeric scholars will appreciate The Making of Homeric Verse: The collected papers of Milman Parry (1970) Edited by his son Adam Perry.
Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges (1958)
Here is Chapman’s Homer
The Thirteenth Booke of Homers Iliads
Homer’s Iliad translated by George Chapman (Intro. Henry Morley, 1887)
Here is an excellent edition Chapman’s translation of the Iliad for the general reader. Iliad 6 & 22: Text and commentary. Very valuable.
Here is Fred Sanders with five suggestions on how to read Homer in Lattimor’s translation. Here Fred explain why he recommends Lattimore’s translation of the Iliiad.
I lost this page in my Sandbox web program on January 3, 2015, but republish it intact the next evening by copying from my website, pasting it into a Word document, and then pasting into a new page in Sandbox. To my amazement and unspeakable joy all the links were active!
Page last updated 2/23/2023
